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Precision Machining Chopper Blog

Each year in the Precision Machining Program here at South Technical High School the students design, blueprint and manufacture a shop project known as a "Senior Project". The project showcases all of the skills they have acquired while they have been enrolled in the program and can take the better part of one semester of their senior year. They may elect to work individually or as a team and this year two seniors have decided to design and build a gas powered chopper for their Senior Project that we will be documenting on our website so you can follow along and watch it come together. Eric Glaser and Carl "Cal" Lommel will be building this chopper and they are both seniors from Eureka High School and attend South Technical High School in the Precision Machining Program.

THE COUNTDOWN IS ON - August 15, 2010

As the last few weeks of school were wrapping up, Cal and Eric were studying for their finals at Eureka High School and reviewing two years of machining curriculum here at South Technical High School preparing for their Precision Machining final test. While all of this was going on we are putting the final touches on the chopper so we can test ride, disassemble and apply a paint job.

8 Days left
The engine is now mounted in the frame and a chain and idler sprocket has been ordered. At this time we have not figured out how we are going to get brakes put on the chopper, so we are leaving this as a final task before painting. Cal, Eric and a student from our Motorcycle Mechanics Program are struggling to get the engine fired up today. They have a spark at the spark plug and fuel in the tank but for some reason the engine will not start. So, I call Mr. Prewitt who teaches our Motorcycle Mechanics Program over and he gives the engine a once over and says I'll be right back as he quickly walks out of our shop. We are all looking at each other and feel a sense of emptiness as we look at a year's worth of work in the chopper and it will not start. A couple of minutes pass by and Mr. Prewitt returns with a large box in his hands and drops it on the floor. In the box is a brand new 6.5 H.P. Briggs and Stratton engine and he instructs his student to pull off the old engine and give us the new one. Within minutes our sense of excitement returns as the sound of ratchets and wrenches are removing the old engine and installing the new. Eric pulls the oil cap and fills the crank case as Cal removes the fuel tank and works over the throttle linkage to hook up our cable. Some fresh fuel, a couple yanks on the pull start and the engine fires right up. The chopper comes alive and we sense we will soon be rolling when the chain and idler sprocket arrive. We end this day on a high note having heard the engine finally run.

7 Days left
The chain and idler sprocket arrive and we begin mocking up a bracket to mount the idler on the frame. Once Eric machines up the bracket, we roll the chopper once again over to the Welding and Fabrication Shop to get it welded into place. Minutes later the chopper rolls back into our shop; we measure and cut the chain and carefully mount the idler pulley to the new bracket because it is still hot from the fresh welding job. We attach the chain, set tension with the idler and roll the bike across the floor to see how the chain tracks on the sprockets. Sprockets all appear to be in alignment but we discover a new problem. The rear fender is a bit too wide which means the chain has only a fraction of an inch of clearance which creates a problem because the chain will vibrate when under a load and we are sure it will rub the fender and create major problems later. We mark the fender where clearance is needed and Eric and Cal remove it from the frame before heading home for the day. We are beginning to wonder if we are going to make the 6 day deadline.

6 Days left
When Cal and Eric arrive back to school, we quickly get the fender up on the bench and break out the 2" pneumatic cut off wheel and cut some clearance slots in the fender. We bolt the fender back into the frame it looks like the chain will clear, so we are ready to take it out for a test ride. We roll it out the back garage door and Cal jumps on it and gives it a couple of pulls. The engine starts, he cracks the throttle and the chopper starts pulling away as he grips the handle bars tighter so it won't run away on its own. Cal sits on the frame (where the seat will be once it is finished and upholstered) and pulls away racing down the driveway. He returns in a couple of minutes as he drags his boots on the ground (Fred Flintstone style) to bring it to a stop. As he steps off the chopper he says with a big grin on his face, "this is really cool....., your turn Eric." Eric quickly grabs onto the handle bars, jumps on and takes off. When he returns I direct him back into the shop and we shut it down to give an inspection to see how everything looks after its inaugural ride. We discover a couple of bolts that had worked loose and the guys talk about how much power it has. They talk about the sprocket tooth ratio and they are both in agreement that their rear sprocket size is very appropriate for quick take off and strong top end speed. Cal and Eric look at each other, then look at me and say, "We really need to figure out how to get brakes on this thing." So, we shut down the shop, lock thing up and head home for the day. We all feel a great sense of accomplishment thinking about how long it took to get the chopper running down the driveway. As we leave for the day I reassure them I will come up with some ideas for brakes and we will talk more about it tomorrow.

5 Days left
As soon as the guys arrive, we get on the internet and begin to research what type of braking systems is available for go karts and mini bikes. We find a "band" brake system that is used on go karts so we discuss how we could adapt it to the rear axle of the chopper. We have limited space on the rear axle and we don't want to install something too large that will cover the look of the rear rim. After looking over the chopper and the "band" braking system, we decide it is too large in diameter so we need another idea. We head up to our store room which has old bicycle parts and remnants of motorcycles and scooters. We find a disc brake and caliper system on a small pocket bike so we extract it and return down to the shop to take a closer look. After sliding the brake rotor over the rear axle we begin to position the brake caliper in various places to figure out the optimum location for mounting. At last we decide how it will mount and the guys begin turning a piece of stainless steel to act as a hub adapter between the axle shaft and rotor bolt pattern. Before we know it 2:20 pm is upon us so we clean up the tools and head home for the day.

4 Days left
Eric and Cal are starting to get to class earlier each day because they know the days are limited and they have 10 hours to finish the brake system, fabricate the exhaust, finish the kick stand, disassemble and paint. The last several days have been very productive so our confidence level is high as we plan our attack for the day. Our day begins with a tour of the campus scrap dumpsters to see if we can locate some bent tubing to use for an exhaust system. After visiting several shops and checking every dumpster, we end up outside the Welding and Fabrication shop checking their scrap metal. We locate several pieces of 1.0" diameter tubing with various bends that looks like it will work perfect for our exhaust. We drag the tubing back to the shop and size it up to see if it will work. It looks like it is going to be exactly what we needed. So the guys split up and take on different tasks that still need our attention. Eric will finish mounting the brakes and work on the kickstand, while Cal will begin mocking up the exhaust. Cal spends his afternoon cutting exhaust tubing in a band saw while running back and forth to the weld shop. Eric is moving between the chopper and the milling machines, while he finishes cutting the kickstand mount and fits it to the frame tubing. As the afternoon draws to a close, the brakes are in place, the kick stand is functioning and the exhaust is now welded, but the 1" diameter exhaust pipe seems too small. The chopper has a specific look... a stretched frame, a wide rear tire, a 45 degree fork rake so it needs to make a statement with the sound of the engine. So, on my way home from school I stopped at a local automotive parts store and pick up a 3.5" diameter chrome exhaust tip that should create the resonating thumping sound we are looking for.

3 Days left
Today, Cal arrives and quickly starts on a lathe turning a piece of stainless steel to adapt the 1" exhaust tube to the 3.5" chrome tip. After machining the adapter and getting it welded together we bolt the exhaust back onto the engine. Cal turns on the fuel and yanks the pull cord to hear the cackling roar of the engine that sounds like a descendent of a Harley Davidson with open pipes. I'm not saying it sounds just like a Harley, but I can tell you it is the meanest sounding Briggs and Stratton engine I have ever heard. Finally, the sound of the engine reflects the attitude of the choppers look. We shut down the shop as we talk about the seat and how we need to strip down the entire chopper tomorrow to prepare it for paint.

2 Days left
Today we finally feel we are on the downhill slide of this project as we begin to dismantle the entire chopper to prep it for paint. We apply heat resistant paint to the exhaust while we lay our base coat of gloss black pant on the frame and fork assembly. As soon as the paint begins to get tacky we apply our custom silver and blue spackle by touching the frame lightly with wrinkled up newspaper that has been sprayed with paint. This puts a cool industrial hammered effect on the black paint that carries our "Machinist" theme we designed by chopper around. As we leave the shop today the painted parts are drying and waiting for us to return tomorrow.

1 Day left
Today, we begin the pain staking task of assembling the chopper while trying not to chip or scratch the fresh paint. We drape a tarp over a work bench and begin to assemble it piece by piece for the next 2 hours. I think Cal and Eric found this to be one of the best days working on the project. All of their time and efforts are coming together into one of the coolest shop projects I have ever been a part of. We finish the project by taking many photos of the completed chopper then Eric and Cal taking turns going for rides out behind our shop.

I have been teaching machining students for 20 years and I think Cal and Eric have built one of the neatest shop projects I have ever been a part of that will become a marketing / recruiting tool for my Precision Machining Major here at South Technical High School. I am so proud of the creativity and artistic craftsmanship Cal and Eric put into this project and I am sure it was one of their most memorable experiences while here at South Technical High School.
If you have questions about the chopper project or The Precision Machining Major at South Technical High School, please contact me at: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it










I am Bob Arcipowski, the Instructor of our Precision Machining Program here at South Tech and I will be overseeing the project and providing guidance and assistance along the way. Periodically we will be posting new blogs to this website along with photos of our progress. So, after you read our blog and check out how the project got started, please come back later to watch it progress into one cool chopper.

April 22, 2010
Eric and Cal have been working diligently on the chopper for the last couple of months and are beginning to feel some pressure because the end of the school year is drawing near and we still have a lot of parts to design and machine. It is not on the ground rolling yet, but we are very close to getting this thing off the wood blocks and rolling on its two wheels.

Chopper Bike
As you can see in photo 7, cross braces have been welded in between the rear frame tubes to mount the fender. After Eric machined and coped the cross bracing, they were then drilled and bolted to the rear fender. Then the entire assembly was positioned into the frame and clamped in place while the cross braces were welded to the frame tubes. This will allow us to remove the rear fender at anytime and the cross bracing will be part of the frame tubes.

Eric moved on to machining the rear axle assembly while Cal concentrated his efforts on the front fork plates. Eric began by first measuring the wheel hub size and bolt locations for lug nuts and created a blueprint design for the rear hub and axle assembly. The rear axle is made out of a 1.0" diameter solid piece of steel and is supported by flange mount bearings that are bolted to the rear frame gussets Sam Littmann welded in earlier. Eric machined a cone shaped bushing that is welded to the rear axle and supports the rear wheel. The rear wheel is now mounted to the chopper and it feels great to see the back portion of the frame complete with a rotating wheel. (See photos 11 and 12)


Chopper BlogChopper Blog


Chopper Blog
While Eric was working on the rear axle assembly, Cal was designing, programming and machining a pair of 3/8" thick steel plates that will make up the front triple fork assemble. Cal first began by drawing the plates on CAD/CAM and followed by machining them on a CNC vertical mill. Cal wanted to personalize the plates, so as you can see in photo 8, he engraved our Precision Machining Logo on the upper plate and "Precision Machining Seniors 2010" on the lower plate. Once the fork tubes were slid into the fork plates the welding students welded all it all together. The entire front fork assemble can be removed by taking out the upper and lower 7/16" bolts that secure it to the frame.

Chopper  Blog
Then, we began designing the lower portion of the fork tubes (drop outs) where the front wheel will be mounted. We decided to maintain the "Machinist" theme by designing the front drop outs to resemble a set of dial calipers. (Dial calipers are a common measuring instrument used by a machinist.) Eric created a program and machined them out of 3/16" thick steel on our CNC mill. Once they were complete, we slipped them up into the fork tubes and they were welded into place, as you can see in photo 9. The hexagon shape you see in the caliper jaws is a 3/4 - 10 hex nut that has been drilled out and welded into place to support the front axle assembly. The idea was make it look like the dial calipers are measuring the hex nut.

Chopper  Blog
Photo 10 shows what Cal and Eric designed for the foot pegs. If you think they look like a large drill bit and an adjustable wrench, that's great, because that is exactly what they are. We took 2 large drill bits (1 1/4" diameter) and cut them to 6 1/2" in length with an abrasive cut off wheel. Then, we took two 12" adjustable wrenches and cut them off to act as brackets to support the pegs. Once again we took the frame to our welding program and Zach Settlemoir TIG welded the foot pegs to the frame and did some finish welding on the front fork assembly.

So as you can see, Cal and Eric are keeping up the "Machinist Theme" as they design and machine parts for our chopper that make it a unique and signature bike. Come back again to watch our progress.


Here is what we are working on next:
-Micrometer supports for the handlebars
-Dials for the dial caliper front drop outs
-Front wheel and axle mounts
-Rear sprocket
-Engine support plate
-Seat

-Custom paint


Mr. Arcipowski
Precision Machining Instructor

 



Let's Get Up to Speed - February 4, 2010
They started the project by deciding the overall size of the chopper, locating an engine and selecting rim and tire sizes so the bike will fit an adult and look proportional to a full size motorcycle. When designing a chopper not only are the overall proportions of the bike important but the shape and size of the frame can make or break the "cool" look of the bike. So, this step could be one the most important parts of the project, because you can manufacture precision parts with skilled technicians like Eric and Cal, but if the design is odd, the final result is a functionally ugly chopper that just isn't "cool" looking.

Chopper Bike 1
Once the rims, tires, and engine were selected Eric, Cal and I spend many hours sketching drawings and discussing ideas for the "theme" of this chopper. When building a custom chopper we feel it needs a theme which will carry design consistency throughout the chopper and make a statement to everyone who sees it. We talked about a USA flag theme, a flame theme, along with several other ideas but settled on a "machinist" theme which in hein-site seems pretty logical since we are training to become precision machinists. After mountains of hand drawn sketches were roughed out Eric and Cal began to create precise mechanical drawings of their designs on a CAD (Computer Aided Design) system using Mastercam Software so they could see their ideas come together. This step allows them to manipulate their designs quickly and easily while giving them an opportunity to create various designs while they decide on which looks best.

Chopper Bike 2
When we started researching for a rear fender, we located one on the internet that was the correct width but the radius did not match the tire size because it was designed for a utility trailer with larger diameter rims. But we purchased the fender anyway and decided once we received it we would modify it to get the correct radius to match the tire size we are using. Cal took the fender to a vertical band saw and sliced the edges of the fender on both sides every 2 inches then pulled it into a smaller radius that matched our tire size. We then relied on our Welding and Fabrication program to weld the slices created on the band saw to secure its new size. Once the fender cooled off Cal went at it first with a 4" electric grinder to rough off the high spots of the welds then followed up with a 2" pneumatic disk sander to smooth out the outer surface of the fender. We will follow up with some finish work before it gets painted.

Chopper Bike 3
As you may have already figured out we will rely on many other programs on our campus to assist us throughout a project like this. Not only did our Motorcycle Mechanics Program assisted us in acquiring a 6.5 Horsepower engine but our Commercial Art Program helped us create a 36" x 80" life size blueprint so we could use it as a template when fabricating the tube frame and fork assembly. As you can see in photo 3 Eric (shown on the left) and Cal (right) are measuring the rear fender and comparing it to the life size blue print mounted to the wall behind them.


Chopper Bike 4
Photo 4 shows Eric and Cal working at our Haas CNC (computer numerical control) Vertical Mill getting ready to load material, tools and program to machine the upper and lower triple fork plates. The Mastercam software works very well with the Haas CNC Machine Tools. Once the drawing is created at the computer we are able to describe the tools and cutting procedures and the software creates the code file that the Haas understands and we quickly manufacture a precision part that would be nearly impossible on a conventional mill.


Chopper Bike 5
The guys now have all of the frame components bent along with the rear frame gussets and front fork head assembly that Eric turned on the engine lathe. So, once again we take the frame components next door to the Welding and Fabrication Shop and ask for the assistance of Sam Littmann to tack weld the frame together. I have learned from previous fabrication projects that you should only tack weld the components together until you are absolutely sure all parts are positioned properly before finish welding. "Tack welding" is securing parts together with small welds that can be easily ground away if later you find a design problem that needs modification. In photo 5 Sam is tacking the rear gussets to the frame tubes; you may notice Eric's fine fixture work holding the lower frame rails in their proper position. Eric cut and screwed together 2 x 4s to hold the frame rails parallel and exactly 12" apart and 3" from the floor while we fit and coped the frame tubing together.

Chopper Bike 6
Now that the frame is tack welded together we are able to remove it from the wooden fixture and set it out on the bench to admire the lines and shape of the frame. Photo 6 shows the frame sitting by itself without clamps and fixtures and the guys feel a great sense of accomplishment to see their hard work in a beautiful chopper frame that is coming along quite well. You will notice a small brace crossing the lower frame rails running parallel to the ground. This is a temporary brace that will be cut off once the rear fender and brackets are mounted and welded into place. One of the things the guys worked hard on was the bend of the upper frame rail known as the back bone. They wanted to make sure when you look from the side of the chopper, the angle of the rear frame loop carries through the back bone and slopes gracefully into the front fork head assembly. You may also notice the magnetic protractor attached to the front fork tube because we want to make sure the 45 degree rake angle is maintained while the frame is being built and assembled.

Well, so long for now. We will keep designing, machining and assembling parts while taking photos along the way so you can follow along with our project.
Here is our hit list of the items we will be working on and you will see on our next blog.
- Front fork tubes and front drop-outs. (Wait until you see their drop-out design - "machinist theme".)
- Rear axle flange so we can get the frame rolling on the floor.
- Rear sprocket. (Cal is designed a sprocket to match the rear mag. wheel.)
- Foot pegs. (Eric is designing pegs made from large drill bits.)

Mr. Arcipowski
Precision Machining Instructor

 

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